ScienceYear 10

Year 10 Science – Cells and Classification 1

Revise and extend cells and classification: evaluate keys, surveys and microscope claims, and analyse photosynthesis and respiration data. 20 questions. 25 minutes.

Choose the word that completes each blank.

Classification gives scientists one worldwide system, because binomial names are written in ₁ or Greek and are ₂ in every country.

Blank 1: Latin · English · French

Blank 2: translated · shortened · the same

Circle 2 words in the sentence below.

Scientists classify animals by their structure. Click the two animals that are mammals.

battroutwhalesharkeagle

Choose the word that completes each blank.

A bacterial cell has no ₁, so its DNA floats in the ₂.

Blank 1: cell wall · nucleus · cell membrane

Blank 2: cytoplasm · mitochondrion · vacuole

A student claims that mould on a loaf of bread appeared from the bread itself, with no mould cells existing before. Which part of cell theory does this claim contradict?

All living things are made of one or more cellsAll cells come from pre-existing cellsThe cell is the basic unit of life's structureCells are controlled by a nucleus containing DNA

Choose the word that completes each blank.

Compared with plant cells, animal cells usually have ₁ vacuoles and ₂ shape.

Blank 1: one large permanent · small or no · several large

Blank 2: a regular rectangular · a cellulose-supported · no fixed

Circle 1 word in the sentence below.

Click the one word that should be replaced with 'membrane' to make this statement correct.

Thecellwallcontrolswhatentersandleavesaplantcell.

A student says that a total magnification of ×400 is always better than ×40, even for finding a cell on a slide. Which is the best evaluation of this claim?

Right: a larger image always shows more cells at onceWrong: only the eyepiece lens changes the magnificationRight: it is safest to start on the highest power lensWrong: at ×400 the field of view is smaller and the image is dimmer

Which of these is the smallest structure that can carry out all the life processes on its own?

A mitochondrionA muscle cell in a kangarooA ParameciumA piece of muscle tissue

Choose the word that completes each blank.

In the name Ornithorhynchus anatinus, anatinus is the ₁ name, and Monotremata is the platypus's ₂.

Blank 1: genus · species · family

Blank 2: order · class · family

10.

A scientist finds a very long, thin cell with a nucleus and no chloroplasts. It lies in a tissue linking the brain to the toes. Which function best suits its structure?

Carrying signals over a long distanceAbsorbing water from the soilContracting to move a limbCarrying oxygen in the blood

11.

Circle 2 words in the sentence below.

Click the two kingdoms that were added after the light microscope revealed single-celled organisms.

AnimaliaPlantaeProtistaMoneraFungi

12.

Which statement best explains why the light microscope led scientists to revise the kingdoms?

It revealed single-celled organisms that fitted neither plants nor animalsIt showed bacteria have a nucleus like fungal cellsIt proved fungi can photosynthesise like plantsIt allowed scientists to read the DNA of each species

13.

Which statement best compares Linnaean classification with classification in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Cultures?

Only Linnaean classification is built from long-term observation of organismsOnly Linnaean classification is passed on and added to over timeBoth systems organise living things but may group them on different basesBoth systems group organisms using only their shared structures

14.

Euglena is a single-celled organism with chloroplasts that moves around in pond water. Which statement best evaluates placing it in Protista?

It has chloroplasts, so it must be a plant, whatever else it doesIt moves about, so it must be an animal, whatever else it hasIt is microscopic, so it belongs in the same kingdom as bacteriaIts mix of plant-like and animal-like features fits neither kingdom well

15.

A student places one quadrat in a sunny area and one in a shaded area of a garden and counts the snails in each. Which change would most improve the reliability of the survey?

Quadrat	Snails counted
Sunny	3
Shaded	12

Use a larger quadrat in the shaded areaPlace many quadrats in each area and calculate a meanCount snails only in the area with more of themRecord the air temperature once at the start

16.

A student uses the key below on a plant cell taken from an onion bulb that grew under the soil. Which statement evaluates the result?

Step	Feature	Result
1a	Nucleus present	Go to 2
1b	No nucleus	Bacterium
2a	Cell wall present	Go to 3
2b	No cell wall	Animal cell
3a	Cell is green	Plant cell
3b	Cell is not green	Fungal cell

Wrongly keyed as a bacterium, because couplet 1 uses the cell wallWrongly keyed as a fungal cell, because couplet 3 uses colourWrongly keyed as an animal cell, because couplet 2 uses colourCorrectly keyed as a plant cell, because it has a cell wall

17.

Choose the word that completes each blank.

In photosynthesis, light energy is transformed into ₁ energy stored in glucose. In cellular respiration, mitochondria release this energy, and energy is ₂.

Blank 1: heat · kinetic · chemical

Blank 2: created by the mitochondria · destroyed in the process · transformed, not created

18.

Choose the word that completes each blank.

In the dark, a green plant's surroundings gain ₁ because its ₂ keep releasing it while photosynthesis has stopped.

Blank 1: carbon dioxide · oxygen · glucose

Blank 2: chloroplasts · mitochondria · vacuoles

19.

Which conclusion is best supported by the data?

When measured	Oxygen in the water around Elodea (mg/L)
Start	6
After 1 h in light	9
After 1 h in dark	4

Elodea photosynthesises faster than it respires in the light, so oxygen risesElodea respires only in the dark, so oxygen falls only thereElodea photosynthesises only in the light and stops respiring thenElodea's mitochondria stop working in the dark, so oxygen falls

20.

A green plant sits in a sealed jar in bright light. Which statement best explains the data?

Time (h)	Carbon dioxide in the jar (ppm)
0	400
2	400
4	400

Photosynthesis and respiration have both stoppedOnly respiration is occurring in its cellsBoth are occurring, at matching ratesOnly photosynthesis is occurring in its cells

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Year 10 Science – Cells and Classification 1